India (Bharat) – The Motherland We Love
The official name of our motherland is the Sovereign Democratic Republic of India (Bharat). This was given on January 26, 1950 after is partition into two nations; Hindu India (Hindustan) and Muslim Pakistan on August 15, 1947.
National Language
A number of languages and dialects are spoken, but widely spoken is Sanskrit-based Hindi.
National Flag
India adopted her National Flag on July 22, 1947. The flag is a horizontal tricolour of deep saffron (kesari) on top, white (safet) in the middle and dark green (hara) at the bottom in equal proportions. The ratio of the width to the length is two to three. In the centre of the white band is a wheel (chakra) with twenty four spokes in navy blue.
National Emblem
This was adopted from the replica of the capital (top portion) of the Emperor (Samrat) Ashoka’s pillar at Sarnath on January 26,1950. It shows three lions with open mouths (the fourth which is invisible). There is a Wheel (Dharam Chakra) in the centre of the base plate, signifying the Wheel of Law, with the figure of a bull on the right and a horse on the left. At the extreme ends on the right and left sides, the other wheels can be seen. Below the Emblem with the words “SATYA MEVA JAYATE” from the Mundaka Upanishad (meaning “Truth alone triumphs”) are inscribed.
National Song
Composed by Shri Bankim Chandra Chatterjee. It reads: VandeMataram! Sujalam suphalam malayaja shitalam, Shasya shyamalam Mataram Vande Mataram! Shubhra Jyotsna pulakita yaminim, Phulla kusumita drumadala shobhinim. Sushasinim, sumadhura bhashinim, Sukhadam varadam, Mataram, Vande Mataram!
National Anthem
Composed by the Nobel Prize winner, Gurudev Rabindra Nath Tagore. Jana-gana-mana adhinayak jaya he, Bharat bhagya vidhata. Punjab, Sindh, Gujarat, Maratha. Dravida, Utkala, Banga. Vindhya, Himachal, Yamuna, Ganga, uchchhala Jaladhi taranga. Tava shubha name jage, Tava Shubha ashish mage, gahe tava jaya gatha, Jana-gana-mangal dayaka, jaya he Bharat bhagya vidhata. Jaya he, jaya he, jaya he, jaya jaya jaya, jaya he.
National Greeting
Bowing with folding hands and saying “NAMASTE”. The meaning of this gesture is “I pay my respect to the soul within you”.
National Custom The expression of feelings of gratitude or thanks is “DHANYAWAD”.
National Animal
The national animal is the majestic Tiger. A hero of many legends and myths, a symbol of power, it has rich colour, a roaring voice and formidable inspiring power.
National Bird
The national bird is the magnificent Peacock. The Peacock has a place of pride in our heritage (the Peacock throne and the Peacock-adorned banner of the valiant Veer Abhimanyu on the battle field of Kurukeshtra).
National Flower
The Lotus (Kamal), which is prominent in Hinduism.
Jai Hind
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